{"id":9154,"date":"2026-08-15T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-15T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vicusalbus.org\/?page_id=9154"},"modified":"2026-08-15T12:00:00","modified_gmt":"2026-08-15T10:00:00","slug":"xvi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vicusalbus.org\/?page_id=9154","title":{"rendered":"Siglo XVI"},"content":{"rendered":"

El documento de \u00abRelaciones Topogr\u00e1ficas de Felipe II\u00bb constituye la primera informaci\u00f3n sistematizada que permite reconstruir la vida cotidiana en Vic\u00e1lvaro durante el siglo XVI.<\/p>\n

El siglo XVI represent\u00f3 para Espa\u00f1a un per\u00edodo de gran poder\u00edo. A finales del siglo XV, las coronas de Isabel de Castilla y Fernando de Arag\u00f3n se unieron en matrimonio, obteniendo el t\u00edtulo de \u00abReyes Cat\u00f3licos\u00bb y consolidando, con la conquista de Granada, lo que se conoce oficialmente como Espa\u00f1a. No es posible omitir el a\u00f1o 1492 con el descubrimiento de Am\u00e9rica.<\/p>\n

Felipe II, hijo de Carlos I, anexion\u00f3 Portugal y las Islas Filipinas, logrando un alcance global del imperio. Este poder hizo de \u00e9l responsable de promover la creaci\u00f3n de las \u00abRelaciones Topogr\u00e1ficas\u00bb. El 22 de diciembre de 1575, Madrid oblig\u00f3 a todos los ayuntamientos a nombrar representantes que aportaran informaci\u00f3n sobre la fundaci\u00f3n, antig\u00fcedad y vida de los pueblos. En Vic\u00e1lvaro, esta tarea se otorg\u00f3 a Juan Mart\u00edn (90 a\u00f1os) y Francisco Sanz (70 a\u00f1os).<\/p>\n

La vida en el pueblo<\/h2>\n

Vic\u00e1lvaro era una aldea de tierra templada, llana y con clima seco y sano, que carec\u00eda de le\u00f1a y caza. El r\u00edo Jarama, a legua y media, prove\u00eda peces, anguilas y agua. Tres fuentes abastec\u00edan de agua en invierno. El ganado pastaba en dos peque\u00f1as dehesas concejiles. Las cosechas se basaban en trigo, cebada y vino. Suministros como le\u00f1a, sal y aceite deb\u00edan importarse de otros pueblos.<\/p>\n

Las viviendas ten\u00edan construcci\u00f3n de tierra con cimientos de barro y piedra de pedernal, techos de tejas y madera de pino de Cuenca y Valdemaqueda. Gran parte de los vecinos eran pobres; los dem\u00e1s pose\u00edan haciendas medianas. El censo indicaba poco m\u00e1s de doscientos habitantes, dedicados mayormente a la labranza.<\/p>\n

Vic\u00e1lvaro dispon\u00eda de un hospital de caridad en casa de un vecino, que acog\u00eda a pobres en camino hacia la Villa de Madrid. Era una aldea sujeta a la Villa de Madrid, perteneciente al reino de Toledo. Los principales oficios del pueblo consist\u00edan en \u00abarrastrar paja larga, y de hacer yeso, y de llevar canto, y de ser harineros comprando trigo y vendi\u00e9ndolo en harina, y lo uno y lo otro llevarlo a la villa de Madrid a venderlo\u00bb.<\/p>\n

El pan<\/h2>\n

Cuando la Corte comenz\u00f3 a instalarse en Madrid, su poblaci\u00f3n creci\u00f3 continuamente, lo que deriv\u00f3 en aumento de la demanda de bienes. Vic\u00e1lvaro, uno de los pueblos m\u00e1s importantes respecto a la producci\u00f3n de harina y pan, se vio afectado. Durante estas fechas aparece la primera noticia sobre el funcionamiento del \u00abp\u00f3sito\u00bb (instituci\u00f3n municipal encargada de almacenar grano, regular el mercado y prestar simiente).<\/p>\n

Construcci\u00f3n de la iglesia<\/h2>\n

La iglesia parroquial fue construida bajo la advocaci\u00f3n de su patrona Santa Mar\u00eda, recibiendo el nombre \u00abParroquia de Santa Mar\u00eda la Antigua\u00bb. De estilo barroco, fue construida a principios del siglo XVI. El 19 de septiembre de 1592, Felipe II dict\u00f3 una provisi\u00f3n oficial para remodelarla y ampliar su estructura.<\/p>\n

La fachada est\u00e1 construida con ladrillo y piedra berroque\u00f1a en estilo herreriano. El interior presenta estructura sencilla de planta basilical con tres naves, b\u00f3vedas de ca\u00f1\u00f3n, arcos de medio punto y \u00e1bside poligonal que conten\u00eda un gran retablo de madera desaparecido durante la guerra civil. Antiguamente se encontraba rodeada por un muro bajo adosado a un cementerio.<\/p>\n

Galer\u00eda<\/h2>\n
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El documento de \u00abRelaciones Topogr\u00e1ficas de Felipe II\u00bb constituye la primera informaci\u00f3n sistematizada que permite reconstruir la vida cotidiana en Vic\u00e1lvaro durante el siglo XVI. El siglo XVI\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":203,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"two_page_speed":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9154","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nSiglo XVI - Asociaci\u00f3n Vicus Albus<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/vicusalbus.org\/?page_id=9154\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Siglo XVI - Asociaci\u00f3n Vicus Albus\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El documento de \u00abRelaciones Topogr\u00e1ficas de Felipe II\u00bb constituye la primera informaci\u00f3n sistematizada que permite reconstruir la vida cotidiana en Vic\u00e1lvaro durante el siglo XVI. 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